A2 — 18-dars: would like / want to — xohish-istak (xushmuomalalik)

A2 — ELEMENTAR · 18-dars

1. Dars nomi, maqsad va motivatsiya

Bu darsda xohish-istakni ifodalashni o'rganasiz — ikki yo'l bilan: want (to) (xohlamoq — to'g'ridan-to'g'ri) va would like (to) (xohlamoq — xushmuomala). Va eng muhimi — qachon qaysi birini ishlatish (chunki to'g'ridan "I want" ba'zan qo'pol eshitiladi).

I want a coffee. (Kofe xohlayman — to'g'ridan.) I'd like a coffee, please. (Kofe bersangiz — xushmuomala.) Would you like to join us? (Bizga qo'shilasizmi?) I want to learn English. (Inglizcha o'rganmoqchiman.)

Real hayotda nega kerak:

• Restoran/do'kon: "I'd like the chicken, please." "What would you like to drink?"
• Taklif/da'vat: "Would you like to come over?" "Would you like some tea?"
• Maqsad/istak: "I want to work abroad." "I'd like to improve my English."
• Xushmuomalalik — o'zbeklar uchun muhim: I want (talab) vs I'd like (so'rov). Madaniy farq.

Asosiy tushuncha — xushmuomalalik darajasi: ikkalasi ham "xohlayman", lekin ohang boshqa. want — to'g'ridan, fakt, umumiy istak (I want to be a doctor — orzu). would like — yumshoq, xushmuomala, shu damdagi so'rov/taklif (I'd like a coffee — buyurtma). O'zbekcha "…xohlayman" ikkalasi uchun bir xil; ingliz tilida esa so'rov/taklifda would like — odob belgisi, want esa ba'zan qo'pol.

O'xshatish: want — barmoq bilan ko'rsatib "menga shu" deyish (to'g'ridan). would like — kaftni ochib "iltimos, shu bo'lsa" deyish (xushmuomala). Restoranda "I want chicken" — buyruqdek; "I'd like the chicken, please" — madaniyatli so'rov.

2. Avvalgi darslardan takror (spiral)

• A2-8 (will / 'd): 'd = would (qisqartma). would like = 'd like.
• A1-20 (can — iltimos): Can I have…? — xushmuomala so'rov; bugun I'd like… ham.
• A2-9 (Making plans — Would you like to…?): taklif — bugun chuqurlashtiramiz.
• A2-13 (some — taklif): Would you like some tea? (taklif some).
• Tez mashq: xushmuomala qiling: "Give me water" "___ I have some water, please?" (Can / Could).

3. Grammatika — chuqur, to'liq tushuntirish

3.1. want — to'g'ridan-to'g'ri xohish (uch tuzilma)

want — oddiy fe'l (do/does, -s oladi). Uch xil tuzilma:

(A) want + OT:

I want a new phone.        — Yangi telefon xohlayman.
She wants a coffee.         — U kofe xohlaydi. (3-shaxs — wants)

(B) want + to + V1 (eng ko'p):

I want to go home.          — Uyga bormoqchiman.
He wants to learn to drive.  — U haydashni o'rganmoqchi.

(C) want + KIMNI/NIMANI + to + V1 ("kimnidir …shini xohlamoq"):

I want you to help me.       — Sizning menga yordam berishingizni xohlayman.
She wants him to call.        — U uning qo'ng'iroq qilishini xohlaydi.

Inkor/savol (do/does bilan):

I don't want to go.          — Borgim kelmaydi.
Do you want to come?          — Kelmoqchimisiz?

want + to (sof fe'l): I want to go (), I want go ( to yo'q), I want going (). Va (C) da: I want you to help (), I want that you help ( — "that" emas!).

Diqqat — o'zbek mantig'i: o'zbekcha "men ketmoqchiman" bitta so'z, lekin inglizchada ikki qism: want (xohlash) + to go (ketish). Shuning uchun to tushib qolmaydi. Va o'zbekcha "Sizning kelishingizni xohlayman" ni to'g'ridan-to'g'ri "I want that you come" deb ko'chirmang — inglizcha bu I want you to come (want + kim + to + fe'l). "That" bu yerda noto'g'ri.

3.2. would like — xushmuomala xohish ('d like)

would like = want ning xushmuomala muqobili. would — modal, lekin would like butun bir ibora:

(A) would like + OT:

I'd like a coffee, please.    — Kofe bersangiz.
She'd like the soup.           — U sho'rva xohlaydi.

(B) would like + to + V1:

I'd like to book a table.      — Stol band qilmoqchi edim.
We'd like to see the menu.      — Menyuni ko'rsak.

(C) would like + KIMNI + to + V1:

I'd like you to meet my friend. — Sizni do'stim bilan tanishtirmoqchi edim.

Qisqartma: I would I'd, you would you'd, he would he'd... — og'zaki/yozma doim 'd like.

Inkor — wouldn't like (= xohlamayman):

I wouldn't like to live there. — U yerda yashashni xohlamas edim.

3.3. Would you like…? — taklif va da'vat (offer/invitation)

Would you like…? — biror narsani taklif qilish yoki da'vat etish (juda xushmuomala):

Would you like + OT? (narsa taklifi):

Would you like a drink?        — Ichimlik xohlaysizmi?
Would you like some cake?       — Tort olasizmi? (taklif  some — A2-13)

Would you like to + V1? (ish/da'vat):

Would you like to join us?     — Bizga qo'shilasizmi?
Would you like to sit down?     — O'tirasizmi?

Javoblar:

• Qabul: Yes, please. / I'd love to. / That would be nice. / Yes, I'd like that.
• Rad: No, thank you. / I'm fine, thanks. / I'd love to, but… (A2-9). Diqqat: Would you like…? ga "Yes, please / No, thank you" (taklif) yoki "I'd love to" (da'vat) — "Yes, I want" EMAS (qo'pol).

3.4. want vs would like — qachon qaysi (eng muhim)

RESTORANDA:
   "I want the steak."           (qo'pol — buyruqdek)
   "I'd like the steak, please."  (xushmuomala — to'g'ri)

ORZU/MAQSAD haqida:
   "I want to travel the world."  (orzu — want tabiiy)
   "I'd like to travel more."      (yumshoq — ham OK)

Sodda qoida: so'rov/taklif/buyurtma (notanish odamga, xizmatda) would like. Umumiy istak/orzu (o'zi haqida, do'stga) want ham OK. Shubhada — would like xavfsizroq (hech qachon qo'pol emas).

3.5. Would you like…? vs Do you like…? (taklif vs umumiy)

Bu — eng ko'p chalkashadigan juftlik:

Would you like a coffee?   — Kofe olasizmi? (HOZIR taklif — bitta kofe)
Do you like coffee?         — Kofeni yoqtirasizmi? (UMUMAN — fikr/odat)

Would you like…? — shu damdagi taklif (Present, A1-20 to be emas). Do you like…? — umumiy yoqtirish (A1-15). "Do you like a coffee?" ( taklif ma'nosida) "Would you like a coffee?" ().

Eng katta xato — would like ≠ like: bu ikkalasi butunlay boshqa ma'no, lekin o'zbek o'quvchilar doim aralashtiradi. would like = shu damdagi xohish/tilak ("hozir olsam derdim"). like (want yo'q) = umuman yoqtirish (odat, fikr). Taqqoslang:

text

I'd like a coffee.   — (Hozir) kofe olsam derdim. — SHU DAMDAGI XOHISH
I like coffee.        — Kofeni yoqtiraman. — UMUMIY ODAT/FIKR

Ya'ni I'd like — buyurtma bera olasiz (ofitsiantga), I like — bera olmaysiz (bu shunchaki "yoqtiraman"). Restoranda "I like a coffee" desangiz — g'alati eshitiladi (ofitsiant "xo'sh, nima bo'pti?" deb o'ylaydi). To'g'risi: "I'd like a coffee, please." Bir "d" tovushi butun ma'noni o'zgartiradi — talaffuzda uni yutmang.

Mini-mashq (would like / like): bo'sh joyni to'ldiring — "___ you like coffee?" (umuman yoqtirish) va "___ you like a coffee?" (hozir taklif). Javob: Do you like coffee? (umumiy) · Would you like a coffee? (taklif — hozir).

3.6. would love to / would prefer / would rather (qo'shimcha)

• would love to — kuchli, hayajonli qabul: "Would you like to come?" — "I'd love to!" (juda xohlayman!).
• would prefer (to) / 'd rather + V1 — afzal ko'rish: I'd prefer tea. / I'd rather stay home. (uyda qolganim ma'qul). (B1 da chuqur.)

I'd love to help!              — Yordam bergim keladi!
I'd rather not talk about it.   — Bu haqda gaplashmasam yaxshi. ('d rather not — inkor)

3.7. "I'll have…" — restoranda buyurtma (A2-8 bog'lanishi)

Restoranda buyurtma berganda I'd like dan tashqari I'll have… ham juda keng:

"I'll have the chicken, please." — Tovuq olaman.
"I'll have a coffee."             — Bitta kofe.

(Bu — shu damdagi qaror, will — A2-8.)

4. Misollar (holatlar bo'yicha)

WANT (to'g'ridan / orzu):

I want to start my own company.   — O'z kompaniyamni ochmoqchiman.
She wants a day off.               — U dam olish kuni xohlaydi.
I want you to be honest with me.   — Menga rostini aytishingni xohlayman.

WOULD LIKE (xushmuomala so'rov):

I'd like a table for two, please.  — Ikki kishilik stol bersangiz.
I'd like to make a reservation.     — Joy band qilmoqchi edim.
We'd like to thank you.             — Sizga rahmat aytmoqchi edik.

WOULD YOU LIKE…? (taklif/da'vat):

Would you like anything to drink?  — Biror narsa ichasizmi?
Would you like to leave a message?  — Xabar qoldirmoqchimisiz?
Would you like to come to dinner?   — Kechki ovqatga kelasizmi?

5. Talaffuz bo'limi

(a) 'd like — bog'langan:

I'd like /aɪd laɪk/ "ayd-layk"   He'd like "hi:d-layk"   We'd like "wi:d-layk"

'd — yengil "d" (I + d). I'd like ≠ I like — "d" ni eshiting.

(b) Would you "wʊdʒə" ("wudja"):

Would you like…?  "wudja-layk" (would + you bog'lanadi)

(c) want to "wanna" (norasmiy): I want to go "I wanna go". (Yozuvda EMAS.)

Native siri: Would you like…? deyarli har doim "wudja layk" deb aytiladi. I'd like — "d" ni yutmang (aks holda I like bo'lib qoladi — umumiy yoqtirish, boshqa ma'no!).

Topshiriq (shadowing): "I'd like a coffee, please. Would you like to join us? I'd love to!" ni xushmuomala ohangda ayting. Youglish: "I'd like to", "would you like".

6. So'z boyligi (kengaytirilgan Anki) — istak va xizmat

Tayyor iboralar (chunks):

• I'd like to… — "…moqchi edim" (xushmuomala niyat).
• Would you like…? — "…xohlaysizmi?" (taklif).
• I'd love to! — "Juda xohlardim!" (hayajonli qabul).
• I'd rather not. — "Yo'g'-e, …masam yaxshi."
• What would you like? — "Nima xohlaysiz?" (xizmatda).
• If you'd like. — "Agar xohlasangiz."
• I'll have… — "…olaman" (buyurtma). Kollokatsiya: make a reservation, order food, would like to know/ask/say.

7. O'qish matni va dialog (input)

Dialog — restoranda:

Waiter: Good evening! Are you ready to order?     — Xayrli kech! Buyurtma berasizmi?
You: Yes. I'd like the grilled chicken, please.    — Ha. Panjarada pishirilgan tovuq olardim.
Waiter: Of course. Would you like any sides with that? — Albatta. Yoniga biror narsa xohlaysizmi?
You: Yes, I'd like a salad. And could I have some water? — Ha, salat olardim. Va suv bersangiz?
Waiter: Certainly. Would you like anything to drink — tea, coffee? — Albatta. Ichimlik xohlaysizmi — choy, kofe?
You: I'll have a green tea, please.                 — Ko'k choy olaman.
Waiter: Great. Would you like to see the dessert menu later? — Zo'r. Keyinroq shirinlik menyusini ko'rasizmi?
You: Yes, please. Thank you!                        — Ha, iltimos. Rahmat!

Dialog — da'vat:

A: We're having a small party on Saturday. Would you like to come? — Shanba kichik bazm qilyapmiz. Kelasizmi?
B: I'd love to! What time?                          — Juda xohlardim! Soat nechada?
A: Around seven. Would you like to bring anyone?    — Yettilarda. Birovni olib kelmoqchimisiz?
B: Maybe my brother, if that's OK. I'd like you to meet him. — Balki akamni, agar mayli bo'lsa. Sizni u bilan tanishtirmoqchiman.
A: Of course! That would be nice.                   — Albatta! Yaxshi bo'lardi.

Topshiriq: dialoglarda want / would like / Would you like ni belgilang — nega qaysi biri (xushmuomalalik)? So'ng o'z restoran buyurtmangiz yoki da'vat dialogini yozing (8 replika).

8. O'zbekcha-inglizcha tipik xatolar

• want + that: I want that you come. / I want that he helps. Sabab: o'zbekcha "…shini xohlayman" tuzilmasini to'g'ridan ko'chirish. I want you to come. / I want him to help. (want + kim + to + fe'l).

• would like / want + to siz yoki -ing: I'd like go. / I want going. I'd like to go. / I want to go. (to + sof fe'l).

• So'rov/buyurtmada "I want" (qo'pol): "I want a coffee." (restoranda). "I'd like a coffee, please." / "Can I have…?" (xushmuomala).

• Do you like vs Would you like: "Do you like a coffee?" (taklif ma'nosida). "Would you like a coffee?" (taklif — hozir). Do you like coffee? = umuman yoqtirish.

• "I'd like" ni o'tgan deb o'qish: 'd = had deb o'ylash. I'd like = I would like (xohish). (I'd = would yoki had — kontekst; like bilan would).

• Would you like…? ga "Yes, I want": (qo'pol). Yes, please. / I'd love to. / No, thank you.

9. Mashqlar

Mashq 1. want yoki would like — xushmuomalalikka qarab to'g'risini tanlang:

1. (restoranda) I ___ the soup, please.
2. (orzu) I ___ to be a pilot.
3. (do'stga) Do you ___ to watch a film?
4. (notanish odamga taklif) ___ you ___ some tea?

Mashq 2. to'g'ri shaklga qo'ying (want/would like + ...):

1. I'd like ___ (book) a table.
2. He wants ___ (learn) English.
3. I want you ___ (call) me later.
4. Would you like ___ (join) us?

Mashq 3. Xushmuomala qiling (want would like):

1. I want a glass of water.  ___
2. I want to make a reservation.  ___
3. Do you want to come?  ___ (taklif)

Mashq 4. Would you like…? ga javob (qabul yoki rad):

1. "Would you like some cake?" (qabul)  ___
2. "Would you like to join us?" (hayajonli qabul)  ___
3. "Would you like more coffee?" (rad)  ___

Mashq 5. Xatoni to'g'rilang: I want that you help me., I'd like go home., (restoranda) I want chicken., Do you like a tea? (taklif), I'd love come!

Mashq 6. O'zbekchadan inglizchaga:

1. Kofe bersangiz. (xushmuomala) = ___
2. Bizga qo'shilasizmi? = ___
3. Inglizcha o'rganmoqchiman. = ___
4. Sizning yordam berishingizni xohlayman. = ___
5. Juda xohlardim! = ___

10. Production drill + model javoblar

Drill A — restoran buyurtmasi (would like / I'll have):

(soup)     I'd like the soup, please. / I'll have the soup.
(salad)     ___
(green tea)  ___
(the bill)   ___ (Can I have the bill, please?)

Drill B — taklif (Would you like…?): narsa/ish beriladi, taklif yasang:

(drink)         Would you like a drink?
(sit down)       Would you like to ___ ?
(see the menu)   ___ ?

Drill C — orzu/maqsad (want to / 'd like to): o'zingiz haqingizda:

"In the future, I want to ___ ."
"This year, I'd like to ___ ."
"I'd love to ___ one day."

Model javoblar (Drill A): I'd like a salad. / I'll have a green tea. / Could I have the bill, please? So'ng o'zingizning 4 ta istak/maqsad gapini yozing va ovoz chiqarib ayting; keyin yuqoridagi model javoblar bilan solishtirib tekshiring.

11. Javoblar kaliti

Mashq 1: 1. 'd like (would like) · 2. want · 3. want · 4. Would ... like. Mashq 2: 1. to book · 2. to learn · 3. to call · 4. to join. Mashq 3: 1. I'd like a glass of water, please. · 2. I'd like to make a reservation. · 3. Would you like to come? Mashq 4: 1. Yes, please. · 2. I'd love to! · 3. No, thank you. (I'm fine, thanks.) Mashq 5: I want you to help me. / I'd like to go home. / I'd like the chicken, please. / Would you like a tea? / I'd love to come! Mashq 6: 1. I'd like a coffee, please. · 2. Would you like to join us? · 3. I want to learn English. (I'd like to learn English.) · 4. I want you to help me. · 5. I'd love to!

12. Xulosa va keyingi dars

Tez ma'lumotnoma:

want (to'g'ridan) | would like ('d like — xushmuomala)
  want + ot | want + to + V1 | want + KIM + to + V1 (I want you to help)
  would like + ot | + to + V1 | + KIM + to + V1   ('d like = would like)
  Would you like…? = taklif/da'vat  Yes, please / I'd love to / No, thank you
  want vs would like: so'rov/buyurtma  would like | orzu/do'st  want
  Would you like…? (HOZIR taklif) ≠ Do you like…? (UMUMAN yoqtirish)
  I'd love to (hayajonli) | I'd rather not | I'll have… (buyurtma)
  XATO: want THAT you help   want you TO help | I'd like GO   to go
  Talaffuz: Would you  "wudja" | I'd like (d ni eshit, ≠ I like)

Asosiy nuqtalar:

1. want — to'g'ridan; would like — xushmuomala (so'rov/taklif/buyurtma).
2. want/would like + to + V1; want + kim + to + V1 (that emas!).
3. Would you like…? — taklif/da'vat Yes, please / I'd love to.
4. Would you like…? (hozir taklif) ≠ Do you like…? (umuman).
5. I'd love to / I'd rather not / I'll have…; talaffuz "wudja".

Bog'lanish: would like / want — istak va xizmat tilining asosi; B1 da would rather, would prefer, wish (afsus/orzu), shartli gaplar (I wish I had…) chuqurlashadi. Restoran/xizmat tili B1 da kengayadi. Xushmuomalalik (politeness) — C1 gacha nozik mavzu.

Keyingi dars — A2 — 19-dars: Bog'lovchilar — because, so, but, although (sabab, natija, qarama-qarshilik). Endi gaplarni bog'lashni o'rganamiz: I stayed home because it was raining. It was cold, so I wore a coat. — sabab, natija va qarama-qarshilik bog'lovchilari.

Manba

R. Murphy, "English Grammar in Use" (would like, want; would you like…?); Swan, "Practical English Usage" (want, would like, would rather; politeness); Cambridge Dictionary (would like; want); British Council LearnEnglish — "'would like', 'want'".