LUG'AT · B2 — 1-partiya: sofistikatsiyalangan fe'llar

B2 · nozik ma'noli, kuchli fe'llar (C1 ga ko'prik) · ~170 birlik "Eslatma"da: sinonim / register / kollokatsiya /

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1. Fikrlash, tahlil, baho

Inglizcha	IPA	T	O'zbekcha	Misol	Eslatma
acknowledge	/əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/	v	tan olmoq, e'tirof etmoq	acknowledge a mistake	≈ admit; rasmiyroq
assume	/əˈsjuːm/	v	faraz qilmoq	assume that	≈ suppose
presume	/prɪˈzjuːm/	v	taxmin qilmoq	I presume so	rasmiyroq
deduce / infer	/dɪˈdjuːs, ɪnˈfɜː/	v	xulosa chiqarmoq	infer from	mantiqiy xulosa
perceive	/pəˈsiːv/	v	idrok etmoq, his qilmoq	perceive sth as	≈ see/notice
contemplate	/ˈkɒntəmpleɪt/	v	mulohaza yuritmoq	contemplate -ing	≈ consider
ponder	/ˈpɒndə/	v	chuqur o'ylamoq	ponder over	rasmiy/adabiy
speculate	/ˈspekjuleɪt/	v	taxmin qilmoq	speculate about	≈ guess
reckon	/ˈrekən/	v	hisoblamoq, o'ylamoq	I reckon so	so'zlash. (BrE)
conceive	/kənˈsiːv/	v	tasavvur qilmoq, o'ylab topmoq	conceive of	rasmiy
comprehend / grasp	/ˌkɒmprɪˈhend, ɡrɑːsp/	v	anglab yetmoq	grasp a concept	≈ understand
interpret	/ɪnˈtɜːprət/	v	talqin qilmoq	interpret as	—
evaluate / assess	/ɪˈvæljueɪt, əˈses/	v	baholamoq	assess the risk	rasmiy
scrutinize	/ˈskruːtɪnaɪz/	v	sinchiklab tekshirmoq	—	kuchli; rasmiy
distinguish	/dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/	v	farqlamoq	distinguish A from B	—
differentiate	/ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt/	v	tafovutlamoq	differentiate between	rasmiy
contradict	/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt/	v	zid bo'lmoq, inkor etmoq	—	—
concede	/kənˈsiːd/	v	tan olmoq (yon bermoq)	—	rasmiy
dispute / contend	/dɪˈspjuːt, kənˈtend/	v	bahslashmoq, da'vo qilmoq	—	rasmiy
anticipate	/ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/	v	oldindan ko'rmoq, kutmoq	anticipate problems	≈ expect
presuppose / imply	/ˌpriːsəˈpəʊz, ɪmˈplaɪ/	v	nazarda tutmoq / anglatmoq	—	—

2. Muloqot, ifoda

Inglizcha	IPA	T	O'zbekcha	Misol	Eslatma
declare / proclaim	/dɪˈkleə, prəˈkleɪm/	v	e'lon qilmoq	—	rasmiy
assert / claim / allege	/əˈsɜːt, kleɪm, əˈledʒ/	v	qat'iy aytmoq / da'vo / gumon qilmoq	allege that	allege: isbotsiz
convey	/kənˈveɪ/	v	yetkazmoq (ma'no)	convey a message	—
articulate	/ɑːˈtɪkjuleɪt/	v	aniq ifodalamoq	—	rasmiy; ≈ express
emphasize / stress	/ˈemfəsaɪz, stres/	v	ta'kidlamoq	emphasize the need	—
highlight / underline	/ˈhaɪlaɪt/	v	ajratib ko'rsatmoq	—	—
clarify / elaborate	/ˈklærɪfaɪ, ɪˈlæbəreɪt/	v	aniqlashtirmoq / batafsil aytmoq	elaborate on	—
summarize / outline	/ˈsʌməraɪz, ˈaʊtlaɪn/	v	xulosalamoq / qisqacha bayon	—	—
depict / portray	/dɪˈpɪkt, pɔːˈtreɪ/	v	tasvirlamoq	portray sb as	rasmiy/adabiy
illustrate / demonstrate	/ˈɪləstreɪt, ˈdemənstreɪt/	v	ko'rsatmoq, namoyish	—	—
indicate / denote / signify	/ˈɪndɪkeɪt, dɪˈnəʊt/	v	bildirmoq, anglatmoq	—	rasmiy
disclose / reveal	/dɪsˈkləʊz, rɪˈviːl/	v	oshkor qilmoq	reveal a secret	—
confess / admit	/kənˈfes/	v	iqror bo'lmoq	confess to	—
deny / refute	/dɪˈnaɪ, rɪˈfjuːt/	v	inkor etmoq / rad etmoq	—	refute: dalil bilan
notify / inform	/ˈnəʊtɪfaɪ, ɪnˈfɔːm/	v	xabardor qilmoq	notify sb of	rasmiy
advocate / urge	/ˈædvəkeɪt, ɜːdʒ/	v	yoqlamoq / da'vat etmoq	advocate -ing	rasmiy
persuade / convince	/pəˈsweɪd, kənˈvɪns/	v	ko'ndirmoq / ishontirmoq	persuade sb to	—
reassure / comfort	/ˌriːəˈʃʊə, ˈkʌmfət/	v	tinchlantirmoq	—	—
condemn / denounce	/kənˈdem, dɪˈnaʊns/	v	qoralamoq / ayblamoq	condemn: n jim	rasmiy
criticize / praise	/ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz, preɪz/	v	tanqid / maqtamoq	praise sb for	—

3. Sabab, ta'sir, kuch

Inglizcha	IPA	T	O'zbekcha	Misol	Eslatma
trigger / prompt	/ˈtrɪɡə, prɒmpt/	v	qo'zg'atmoq, sabab bo'lmoq	trigger a reaction	—
provoke / evoke	/prəˈvəʊk, ɪˈvəʊk/	v	qo'zg'atmoq / uyg'otmoq	evoke memories	—
induce / generate	/ɪnˈdjuːs, ˈdʒenəreɪt/	v	yuzaga keltirmoq / hosil qilmoq	—	rasmiy
shape / dictate	/ʃeɪp, dɪkˈteɪt/	v	shakllantirmoq / belgilamoq	—	—
impose / inflict	/ɪmˈpəʊz, ɪnˈflɪkt/	v	yuklamoq / yetkazmoq	impose on	salbiy
undermine	/ˌʌndəˈmaɪn/	v	putur yetkazmoq, zaiflatmoq	undermine confidence	kuchli
impair / weaken	/ɪmˈpeə, ˈwiːkən/	v	zaiflatmoq, susaytirmoq	—	impair: rasmiy
reinforce / strengthen	/ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs, ˈstreŋθən/	v	mustahkamlamoq	—	—
enhance / boost	/ɪnˈhɑːns, buːst/	v	yaxshilamoq / oshirmoq	enhance quality	—
foster / facilitate	/ˈfɒstə, fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/	v	rivojlantirmoq / osonlashtirmoq	—	rasmiy
hinder / hamper / impede	/ˈhɪndə, ˈhæmpə, ɪmˈpiːd/	v	to'sqinlik qilmoq	—	rasmiy
obstruct / deter	/əbˈstrʌkt, dɪˈtɜː/	v	to'smoq / qaytarmoq	deter sb from	—
contribute / attribute	/kənˈtrɪbjuːt, əˈtrɪbjuːt/	v	hissa qo'shmoq / bog'lamoq	attribute A to B	—
stem / derive / originate	/stem, dɪˈraɪv, əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt/	v	kelib chiqmoq	stem from	—

4. O'zgarish, rivojlanish

Inglizcha	IPA	T	O'zbekcha	Misol	Eslatma
transform / convert	/trænsˈfɔːm, kənˈvɜːt/	v	tubdan o'zgartirmoq	transform into	—
alter / modify	/ˈɔːltə, ˈmɒdɪfaɪ/	v	o'zgartirmoq / sozlamoq	—	rasmiy
adapt / adjust	/əˈdæpt, əˈdʒʌst/	v	moslashmoq	adapt to	—
evolve / advance	/ɪˈvɒlv, ədˈvɑːns/	v	rivojlanmoq / ilgarilamoq	evolve into	—
deteriorate / decline	/dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt, dɪˈklaɪn/	v	yomonlashmoq / pasaymoq	—	—
diminish / dwindle	/dɪˈmɪnɪʃ, ˈdwɪndl/	v	kamaymoq, susaymoq	—	rasmiy
escalate / intensify	/ˈeskəleɪt, ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ/	v	kuchaymoq, avj olmoq	—	—
fluctuate / vary	/ˈflʌktʃueɪt, ˈveəri/	v	o'zgarib turmoq	vary from ... to	—
emerge / arise	/ɪˈmɜːdʒ, əˈraɪz/	v	paydo bo'lmoq	emerge from	—
expand / extend	/ɪkˈspænd, ɪkˈstend/	v	kengaymoq / cho'zmoq	—	—
broaden / widen	/ˈbrɔːdn, ˈwaɪdn/	v	kengaytirmoq	broaden horizons	—
accumulate / amass	/əˈkjuːmjuleɪt/	v	to'plamoq	—	rasmiy
restore / revive	/rɪˈstɔː, rɪˈvaɪv/	v	tiklamoq / jonlantirmoq	—	—

5. Harakat, erishish, maqsad

Inglizcha	IPA	T	O'zbekcha	Misol	Eslatma
achieve / accomplish	/əˈtʃiːv, əˈkʌmplɪʃ/	v	erishmoq, uddalamoq	—	—
attain / fulfil	/əˈteɪn, fʊlˈfɪl/	v	erishmoq / amalga oshirmoq	fulfil a dream	rasmiy
pursue / undertake	/pəˈsjuː, ˌʌndəˈteɪk/	v	intilmoq / zimmasiga olmoq	—	undertook
tackle / address	/ˈtækl, əˈdres/	v	hal qilishga kirishmoq	tackle a problem	—
implement / execute	/ˈɪmplɪment, ˈeksɪkjuːt/	v	amalga oshirmoq / bajarmoq	—	rasmiy
conduct / carry out	/kənˈdʌkt/	v	o'tkazmoq	conduct research	—
overcome / surpass	/ˌəʊvəˈkʌm, səˈpɑːs/	v	yengmoq / ortda qoldirmoq	—	—
exceed / outweigh	/ɪkˈsiːd, ˌaʊtˈweɪ/	v	oshib ketmoq / ustun kelmoq	—	—
strive / endeavour	/straɪv, ɪnˈdevə/	v	intilmoq, harakat qilmoq	strive for	rasmiy
persevere / persist	/ˌpɜːsɪˈvɪə, pəˈsɪst/	v	sabot bilan davom etmoq	persist in	—
sustain / maintain	/səˈsteɪn, meɪnˈteɪn/	v	saqlab turmoq	—	—
retain / preserve	/rɪˈteɪn, prɪˈzɜːv/	v	saqlamoq	—	rasmiy
secure / obtain / acquire	/sɪˈkjʊə, əbˈteɪn, əˈkwaɪə/	v	qo'lga kiritmoq	acquire skills	rasmiy
seize / grasp	/siːz, ɡrɑːsp/	v	qo'lga olmoq, ilg'amoq	seize an opportunity	—
yield / surrender	/jiːld, səˈrendə/	v	bo'ysunmoq / taslim bo'lmoq	—	—

6. Ijtimoiy, munosabat, ta'sir

Inglizcha	IPA	T	O'zbekcha	Misol	Eslatma
cooperate / collaborate	/kəʊˈɒpəreɪt, kəˈlæbəreɪt/	v	hamkorlik qilmoq	collaborate with	—
negotiate / mediate	/nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt, ˈmiːdieɪt/	v	muzokara / vositachilik	—	—
reconcile / integrate	/ˈrekənsaɪl, ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/	v	yarashtirmoq / birlashtirmoq	integrate into	—
engage / involve	/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ, ɪnˈvɒlv/	v	jalb qilmoq	engage in	—
oppose / resist / defy	/əˈpəʊz, rɪˈzɪst, dɪˈfaɪ/	v	qarshi chiqmoq / e'tibor bermaslik	—	defy: ochiq qarshilik
confront / challenge	/kənˈfrʌnt, ˈtʃælɪndʒ/	v	yuzlashmoq / e'tiroz bildirmoq	—	—
dominate / oppress	/ˈdɒmɪneɪt, əˈpres/	v	hukmronlik / zulm qilmoq	—	—
exploit / manipulate	/ɪkˈsplɔɪt, məˈnɪpjuleɪt/	v	suiiste'mol / boshqarib olmoq	—	salbiy
deceive / betray	/dɪˈsiːv, bɪˈtreɪ/	v	aldamoq / xiyonat qilmoq	—	—
tolerate / endure / withstand	/ˈtɒləreɪt, ɪnˈdjʊə, wɪðˈstænd/	v	chidamoq, bardosh bermoq	—	—
embrace	/ɪmˈbreɪs/	v	qabul qilmoq, quchoqlamoq	embrace change	≈ accept
accompany / assist	/əˈkʌmpəni, əˈsɪst/	v	hamrohlik / yordam qilmoq	—	rasmiy
supervise / monitor	/ˈsuːpəvaɪz, ˈmɒnɪtə/	v	nazorat qilmoq, kuzatmoq	—	—
nurture / cultivate	/ˈnɜːtʃə, ˈkʌltɪveɪt/	v	parvarish qilmoq, rivojlantirmoq	—	rasmiy

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B2-1 partiya tugadi (~170 fe'l). Keyingi: B2-2 — yana fe'llar (2) + abstrakt fe'llar.

Manba

Oxford 5000 (B2 verbs); Cambridge EVP B2; Academic Word List; Macmillan Collocations; synonym/register: Oxford Learner's Thesaurus.