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Ingliz tili kursi/B1 Orta20 daqiqa

B1 — 9-dars: Kelajak shakllari (review) + Future Continuous & Future Perfect

B1 — O'RTA · 9-dars


1. Dars nomi, maqsad va motivatsiya

O'tmish zamonlarni tugatdik — endi kelajakka o'tamiz. Bu darsda kelajak haqida gapirishning barcha yo'llarini chuqur takrorlaymiz (will / going to / Present Continuous / Present Simple) va ikki yangi shakl qo'shamiz: Future Continuous (will be doing — kelajakda davom etayotgan harakat) va Future Perfect (will have done — kelajakdagi nuqtagacha tugal harakat).

This time tomorrow, I'll be flying to London. (Ertaga shu paytda Londonga uchayotgan bo'laman.) By 2030, I'll have finished my degree. (2030 ga kelib, diplomimni tugatgan bo'laman.) The train leaves at 9. (Poyezd 9 da jo'naydi.)

Real hayotda nega kerak:

  • Ingliz tilida kelajakning 5+ shakli bor — har biri boshqa nyuans. To'g'ri tanlash native ohangni belgilaydi.
  • Reja/uchrashuv (ish): "I'm meeting the client at 3." "I'll be working from home tomorrow."
  • Maqsad/muddat: "We'll have launched the product by June."

Asosiy tushuncha — kelajak = bir nechta "kelajak", har biri o'z ma'nosi: ingliz tilida "kelajak" bitta zamon emas — niyat/reja, bashorat, kelishilgan uchrashuv, jadval, davomli harakat, tugal harakat uchun boshqa-boshqa shakllar. Tanlov qanday kelajak ekaniga bog'liq (qaror qachon olindi? reja aniqmi? jadvalmi?).

O'xshatish: kelajak haqida gapirish — rasm chizish kabi: will — qalam bilan tez eskiz (hozir qaror), going to — oldindan rejalangan chizma (niyat), Present Continuous — kalendarga yozilgan uchrashuv, Present Simple — rasmiy jadval, Future Continuous — "o'sha paytda chizayotgan bo'laman", Future Perfect — "o'sha vaqtgacha chizib bo'laman".


2. Avvalgi darslardan takror (spiral)

  • A2-7,8 (be going to / will): niyat va bashorat. Bugun — chuqur review + yangi shakllar.
  • A2-1 (Present Continuous): be + V-ing — bugun kelajak uchrashuvi sifatida.
  • A2-28 (first conditional, time clauses): when/if + Present (will EMAS). Bugun takror.
  • B1-1,7 (perfect): have/had + V3 — bugun will have + V3 (Future Perfect).
  • Tez mashq: will / going to / am …ing — qaysi? "Telefon jiringlayapti — men javob ___ " (will), "Bilet oldim, ertaga ___ uchaman" (am flying / going to).

3. Grammatika — chuqur, to'liq tushuntirish

3.1. Kelajak shakllari — to'rttasi (review, chuqur)

Shakl Qachon Misol
will + V1 hozirgi qaror, bashorat (fikr), va'da, taklif I'll help you. It'll rain.
be going to + V1 oldindan reja/niyat; dalilga asoslangan bashorat I'm going to study tonight. Look — it's going to rain!
Present Continuous kelishilgan uchrashuv (vaqt/joy bor) I'm meeting Tom at 6.
Present Simple rasmiy jadval/dastur The train leaves at 9.
text
will:  "The phone's ringing!" — "I'll get it." (hozirgi qaror)
       I think it will be cold tomorrow. (bashorat — fikr/I think)
going to: I'm going to learn to drive. (oldindan niyat)
       The sky is dark — it's going to rain. (dalil  bashorat)
Present Continuous: We're having dinner with friends on Friday. (kelishilgan)
Present Simple: The film starts at 8. My flight is at noon. (jadval)

Har bir shaklni alohida-alohida — chuqurroq:

1) will — to'rt asosiy vazifasi. will ko'p ma'noli: aynan qaysi ma'noda ekanini kontekst aytadi.

  • Hozirgi, o'sha zahotiyoq qaror (gapirayotgan paytda tug'iladi): "There's no bread." — "OK, I'll buy some." (Non yo'q ekan. — Mayli, olib kelaman.) Bu yerda oldindan reja yo'q edi — qaror gap ichida tug'ildi.
  • Bashorat (fikr/his asosida): ko'pincha I think, I'm sure, I hope, probably, maybe, perhaps bilan keladi: I think our team will win. You'll like this film. (Menimcha, jamoamiz yutadi. Bu film sizga yoqadi.)
  • Va'da / niyatni tasdiqlash: I'll call you tonight, I promise. I won't tell anyone. (Bugun kechqurun qo'ng'iroq qilaman, va'da. Hech kimga aytmayman.)
  • Taklif va so'rov: I'll help you with those bags. Will you pass the salt? (Anavi sumkalarni ko'tarishib yuboraman. Tuzni uzatib berasizmi?)

2) be going to — ikki vazifasi.

  • Oldindan o'ylab qo'yilgan reja/niyat: qaror gapirishdan oldin qabul qilingan: I'm going to look for a new job this year. (Bu yil yangi ish qidirmoqchiman.)
  • Dalilga asoslangan bashorat: hozir ko'z oldida turgan belgi kelajakni aytib turibdi: She's going to have a baby. Look — that glass is going to fall! (U bola ko'rmoqchi / homilador. Qarang — anavi stakan tushib ketadi!)

3) Present Continuous — kelishilgan uchrashuv. Faqat reja emas, balki kim bilan, qachon, qayerda aniq bo'lgan, kalendarga yozib qo'yiladigan uchrashuvlar uchun: I'm meeting the manager at 5. We're having lunch with Sarah on Friday. (Menejer bilan 5 da uchrashaman. Juma kuni Sara bilan tushlik qilamiz.) Odatda vaqt yoki joy ko'rsatilgan bo'ladi.

4) Present Simple — rasmiy jadval. Bizga bog'liq bo'lmagan, oldindan belgilangan rasmiy jadval/dastur (poyezd, samolyot, kino, dars, ish boshlanishi): The train leaves at 6. The shop opens at 9. Our lesson starts at 10. (Poyezd 6 da jo'naydi. Do'kon 9 da ochiladi. Darsimiz 10 da boshlanadi.) Bu yerda "men xohladim" degani yo'q — jadval shunday.

Qaysi qachon — bitta savol bilan hal qiling: avval "Bu rejami yoki jadvalmi?" deb so'rang. Rasmiy jadval bo'lsa Present Simple. Keyin "Qaror qachon olindi?" — hozir bo'lsa will, oldin bo'lsa going to. Nihoyat "Vaqt/joy kelishib qo'yilganmi?" — ha bo'lsa Present Continuous.

Mini-tekshiruv: "Water ___ (boil) at 100°C" (jadval-fakt), "I ___ visit my grandma next week" (umumiy niyat), "Careful! You ___ drop it!" (dalil), "Hold on, I ___ get you a chair" (o'sha zahoti qaror).Javob: boils · 'm going to · 're going to · 'll.

3.2. will vs going to — eng muhim farq

text
QAROR QACHON OLINDI?
  hozir, shu zahoti  WILL:        "I'm cold." — "I'll close the window."
  oldin (rejalangan)  GOING TO:   "Why the ladder?" — "I'm going to paint the wall."
BASHORAT:
  fikr/his (I think)  WILL:        I think our team will win.
  dalil ko'rinib turibdi  GOING TO: Look at those clouds — it's going to pour.

Qoida: willhozirgi qaror/bashorat (his bilan); going tooldindan reja yoki dalilga asoslangan bashorat.

3.3. going to vs Present Continuous — niyat vs kelishuv

text
going to = niyat (vaqt/joy aniq emas):  I'm going to visit my aunt (some time).
Present Continuous = kelishilgan uchrashuv (vaqt/joy bor):  I'm visiting my aunt on Sunday.

Ikkalasi keng; Present Continuousaniq, kelishilgan uchrashuv (kalendarda). going to — umumiy niyat.

Yig'ma farq jadvali — bitta vaziyat, to'rt shakl. "Ertaga do'stim bilan uchrashish" g'oyasini har xil shaklda aytish mumkin — nyuans o'zgaradi:

Gap Shakl Nyuans (o'zbekcha)
I'll see a friend tomorrow. will shunchaki bashorat/aytib qo'yish, aniq kelishuv yo'q
I'm going to see a friend tomorrow. going to oldindan o'ylab qo'yilgan niyat
I'm seeing a friend at 7 tomorrow. Present Continuous vaqt/joy kelishilgan — aniq uchrashuv
My friend's train arrives at 7. Present Simple rasmiy jadval (menga bog'liq emas)

Yodda tuting: aynan bir xil kelajak faktini turli shaklda ifodalaganda tinglovchi boshqa-boshqa xabar oladi — "hali aniq emas"mi, "rejalashtirganman"mi yoki "vaqti belgilangan"mi. Shuning uchun shakl tanlash — grammatik "to'g'ri/noto'g'ri"dan ko'ra ko'proq ma'no masalasi.

3.4. Future Continuous — will be + V-ing

Kelajakdagi biror paytda davom etayotgan harakat:

text
This time tomorrow, I'll be sitting on a beach.   — Ertaga shu paytda plyajda o'tirgan bo'laman.
Don't call at 8 — we'll be having dinner.          — 8 da qo'ng'iroq qilmang — ovqatlanayotgan bo'lamiz.
By next year, more people will be working remotely. — Kelasi yilga ko'proq odam masofadan ishlayotgan bo'ladi.

Yana — xushmuomala/neytral kelajak (rejaga aralashmasdan so'rash):

text
Will you be using the car tonight?     — Bugun kechqurun mashinani ishlatasizmi? (yumshoq)
I'll be seeing Tom later, so I'll tell him. — Keyinroq Tomni ko'raman (baribir), shuning uchun aytaman.

Future Continuous tabiati: "o'sha paytda jarayonda bo'laman" — boshlanishi/tugashi muhim emas, davom muhim. Past Continuous (A2-6) va Present Perfect Continuous (B1-6) ning kelajak akasi.

Yasalishi (barcha shaxslar uchun bir xil): will be + fe'l**-ing**. Shaxsga qarab o'zgarmaydi — I / you / he / she / we / they uchun ham will be doing. Inkor: won't be doing (I won't be working tomorrow). So'roq: Will you be doing…? (Will you be using the car?).

Qachon ishlatiladi (uch holat):

  • Kelajakdagi aniq paytda davom etayotgan harakat: At 10 tomorrow, I'll be sitting in a meeting. (Ertaga 10 da yig'ilishda o'tirgan bo'laman.)
  • Boshqa harakat fonida davom etayotgan harakat: When you arrive, I'll be waiting at the gate. (Yetib kelganingizda, men darvoza oldida kutib turgan bo'laman.)
  • Xushmuomala, "rejaga aralashmasdan" so'rov: Will you be joining us for dinner? — "kelasizmi" degani, lekin bosim o'tkazmay so'raladi.

Mini-tekshiruv: "Don't phone me at 8 — I ___ (drive) home", "This time next week we ___ (fly) to Rome".Javob: 'll be driving · 'll be flying.

3.5. Future Perfect — will have + V3

Kelajakdagi biror nuqtagacha (by…) tugal harakat:

text
By 2030, I'll have graduated.                  — 2030 ga kelib, bitirgan bo'laman.
By the time you arrive, I'll have left.         — Siz yetib kelganingizda, men ketgan bo'laman.
She'll have finished the report by Friday.      — Hisobotni jumagacha tugatgan bo'ladi.
In two hours, we'll have driven 300 km.         — Ikki soatda 300 km yurgan bo'lamiz.

Signal — by / by the time / in (X time): Future Perfect "o'sha vaqtgacha tugal bo'ladi" degan kelajak natijasi. Present Perfect (B1-1) ning kelajak varianti: have done will have done.

Yasalishi (barcha shaxslar uchun bir xil): will have + fe'lning 3-shakli (V3). Inkor: won't have finished. So'roq: Will you have finished by then? Diqqat: by ("…gacha") — natija shu vaqtgacha tugallanadi; until ("…gacha davom etib") bu yerda ishlamaydi, by ishlaydi.

Future Continuous vs Future Perfect — chalkashtirmang:

text
At 8 tonight I'll be cooking dinner.  — 8 da hali ovqat PISHIRAYOTGAN bo'laman (jarayonda).
By 8 tonight I'll have cooked dinner. — 8 GACHA ovqatni pishirib BO'LGAN bo'laman (tugal).

Farqi: at + Future Continuous = o'sha payt jarayonda; by + Future Perfect = o'sha vaqtgacha tugallangan.

Mini-tekshiruv: "By the end of this year, I ___ (save) enough money", "By the time the guests come, we ___ (clean) the whole house".Javob: 'll have saved · 'll have cleaned.

3.6. Future Perfect Continuous — will have been + V-ing (qisqa)

Kelajakdagi nuqtagacha davom etgan harakat (qancha vaqt):

text
By December, I'll have been working here for five years.
— Dekabrga kelib, bu yerda besh yildan beri ishlab kelayotgan bo'laman.

Kam ishlatiladi, lekin davomiylik + kelajak uchun aniq shakl. (Tanishib qo'ying.)

3.7. Vaqt ergash gaplari — when/as soon as/before/until + Present (will EMAS!)

Kelajak haqida bo'lsa ham, when, as soon as, before, after, until, by the time, if dan keyin Present Simple (will EMAS!):

text
 I'll call you when I arrive.         ...when I will arrive.
 As soon as she gets here, we'll start.  As soon as she will get here...
 Wait until the rain stops.            until the rain will stop.

Oltin qoida (A2-28 takror): when/as soon as/before/after/until/if + Present zamon (kelajak ma'nosida ham). Asosiy gapda will. (Future Perfect bilan ham: "By the time you read this, I'll have gone.")

Nega bunday? O'zbek tilida ikkala gapda ham kelasi zamon ishlatamiz: "Yetib kelganimda qo'ng'iroq qilaman" — shuning uchun o'zbekzabon o'quvchi ingliz tilida ham "when I will arrive" deb yozib yuboradi. Ingliz tilida esa vaqt bog'lovchisidan keyin kelasi zamon ishlatilmaydiPresent Simple uning o'rnini bosadi. Bu qoida when, as soon as, before, after, until, by the time, once, the moment bog'lovchilariga taalluqli.

text
 We'll leave after the film ends.         ...after the film will end.
 Once you finish, call me.                 Once you will finish...
 I'll wait here until you come back.       ...until you will come back.

Mini-tekshiruv: "I ___ (start) cooking when the guests ___ (arrive)", "As soon as it ___ (stop) raining, we ___ (go) out".Javob: 'll start / arrive · stops / 'll go.

3.8. be about to — hozir bo'ladigan (juda yaqin kelajak)

be about to + V1 = "hozir/mana boshlamoqchi", ish shundoq yaqinda, deyarli boshlanay deb turibdi:

text
Hurry up — the film is about to start.    — Tezroq — film hozir boshlanadi.
I was about to call you!                   — Endi sizga qo'ng'iroq qilmoqchi edim!
Don't go out — it's about to rain.         — Chiqmang — hozir yomg'ir yog'adi.

Farqi: going to — umumiy reja (bugun, ertaga, bu yil); be about toshundoq hozir, bir necha soniya/daqiqa ichida. O'tgan zamonda was/were about to = "…qilmoqchi edim (lekin biror narsa xalaqit berdi)".


4. Misollar (shakl bo'yicha)

text
WILL (qaror/bashorat):   I'll text you later. It'll be fine.
GOING TO (reja/dalil):    We're going to move house. It's going to be expensive.
PRES. CONT. (uchrashuv):  I'm seeing the doctor at 4.
PRES. SIMPLE (jadval):    The conference starts on Monday.
FUTURE CONT. (davom):     At 9 tonight, I'll be watching the match.
FUTURE PERFECT (tugal):   By Friday, we'll have finished the project.
ABOUT TO (juda yaqin):    Hurry — the train is about to leave.

5. Talaffuz bo'limi

text
will  'll /l/: I'll /aɪl/, we'll /wiːl/, it'll /ˈɪtl/
won't /wəʊnt/ "wount" (will not)
"will be"  "wil-bi"   "will have"  "wil-həv" / tez "wiləv"
"going to"  "gonna" /ˈɡənə/ (norasmiy): "I'm gonna call him."

Native siri: will 'll (I'll, he'll, it'll); will have "wiləv" ("I'll have done" "ayl-əv-dan"). going to "gonna" (norasmiy nutqda).

Topshiriq (shadowing): "I'll be working. By then, I'll have finished. I'm meeting him at 6." jumlalarini bir necha marta ovoz chiqarib takrorlang; 'll have "ləv" bo'lib bog'lanib ketishiga e'tibor bering.


6. So'z boyligi (Anki)

English O'zbekcha Shakl
will / 'll (hozirgi qaror/bashorat) will + V1
be going to …moqchi (reja) going to + V1
will be + -ing …yotgan bo'laman Future Continuous
will have + V3 …gan bo'laman Future Perfect
be about to hozir …moqchi (juda yaqin) about to + V1
by (Friday / then) …gacha by + nuqta
by the time …vaqtiga kelib + Present
this time tomorrow ertaga shu paytda + Future Continuous
as soon as …shi bilan + Present (will emas)

Tayyor iboralar (chunks):

  • I'll be in touch. — "Aloqada bo'laman."
  • By the time you read this, … — "Buni o'qiganingizda, …".
  • This time next year, I'll be …ing. — "Kelasi yil shu paytda …yotgan bo'laman."
  • I'll have done it by then. — "Ungacha qilib bo'laman."
  • We'll see. — "Ko'ramiz."

7. O'qish matni va dialog (input)

Dialog — rejalar (kelajak shakllari aralash):

text
A: What are you doing this weekend?                  — Shu hafta oxiri nima qilyapsan? (kelishilgan — PC)
B: I'm flying to Dubai on Saturday. My flight leaves at 6 a.m. — Shanba kuni Dubayga uchaman. Reysim ertalab 6 da. (PC + jadval)
A: Wow! How long will you be there?                   — Voy! U yerda qancha bo'lasan?
B: A week. By next Sunday, I'll have visited three cities. — Bir hafta. Kelasi yakshanbagacha uchta shaharni ko'rgan bo'laman. (Future Perfect)
A: Sounds amazing. I think you'll love it.            — Ajoyib-ku. Menimcha, juda yoqadi senga. (will — bashorat)
B: I'm going to take lots of photos. This time tomorrow, I'll be relaxing by the pool! — Ko'p rasm olaman. Ertaga shu paytda hovuz bo'yida dam olayotgan bo'laman! (going to + Future Continuous)
A: Send me some! I'll be stuck at the office. — Menga ham yubor! Men ofisda qamalib qolgan bo'laman.
B: Will do. I'll message you as soon as I land. — Bo'ladi. Qo'nishim bilan xabar yuboraman. (as soon as + Present)

O'qish matni — "Where I'll be in five years" (kelajak rejasi):

text
People often ask me where I'll be in five years, and I have a clear plan. — Odamlar tez-tez besh yildan keyin qayerda bo'lishimni so'rashadi va menda aniq reja bor.
By then, I'll have finished my master's degree. — Ungacha magistraturani tugatgan bo'laman.
I'm going to specialize in software engineering. — Dasturiy injineriyaga ixtisoslashmoqchiman.
I hope I'll be working on projects that help people. — Umid qilamanki, odamlarga yordam beradigan loyihalarda ishlayotgan bo'laman.
I'll probably be living in a bigger city by that time. — O'shanga borib, ehtimol kattaroq shaharda yashayotgan bo'laman.
I won't have all the answers, but I'll have learned a lot along the way. — Hamma javoblarga ega bo'lmayman, lekin yo'l davomida ko'p narsa o'rgangan bo'laman.
As soon as I reach one goal, I'll set a new one. — Bitta maqsadga yetishim bilan, yangisini qo'yaman.

Topshiriq: matnda har kelajak shaklini belgilang (will / going to / Future Continuous / Future Perfect). So'ng "5 yildan keyin qayerda bo'laman" mavzusida 6 gap yozing — turli kelajak shakllarini ishlatib.


8. O'zbekcha-inglizcha tipik xatolar

  • when/as soon as + will: I'll call you when I will arrive. …when I arrive. (when/as soon as + Present, will EMAS). Eng ko'p xato!

  • will hamma joyga (going to/PC o'rniga): "I will meet John at 6" (kelishilgan uchrashuvda). I'm meeting John at 6. (kelishilgan Present Continuous). yoki niyat going to.

  • Future Perfect o'rniga oddiy will: By 2030, I will finish my studies. By 2030, I'll have finished (by + nuqta, tugal Future Perfect).

  • going to be going (takror): I'm going to going. I'm going to go. (going to + V1).

  • Future Continuous o'rniga oddiy: This time tomorrow I'll fly. …I'll be flying. (o'sha paytda davomda Future Continuous).

  • Future Perfect bilan until ishlatish: I'll have finished until Friday. by Friday. (tugal nuqta by, until emas). until faqat davomlilikda: I'll wait until Friday.

  • Jadval uchun will: The train will leave at 6. The train leaves at 6. (rasmiy jadval Present Simple tabiiyroq).

  • Yozma nutqda "gonna": I gonna call him. I'm going to call him. (gonna — faqat og'zaki, norasmiy; yozganda going to va am/is/are tushmaydi).

  • be about to o'rniga going to (juda yaqin paytda): The film is going to start, hurry! The film is about to start, hurry! (bir necha soniyada be about to).


9. Mashqlar

Mashq 1. To'g'ri kelajak shaklini tanlang:

1. "The phone's ringing.""I ___ (get) it." (hozirgi qaror)
2. Look at the clouds! It ___ (rain). (dalil)
3. I ___ (see) the dentist at 3 tomorrow. (kelishilgan)
4. The train ___ (leave) at 9:15. (jadval)
5. This time next week, I ___ (lie) on a beach. (davomFuture Continuous)
6. By Friday, we ___ (finish) the project. (tugal — Future Perfect)

Mashq 2. when/as soon as bilan — to'g'ri zamon:

1. I'll call you when I ___ (arrive).
2. As soon as the film ___ (end), we'll go home.
3. By the time you ___ (get) there, it'll be dark.

Mashq 3. Future Continuous yoki Future Perfect?

1. At 9 tonight, I ___ (watch) the match.
2. By 10, the match ___ (finish).
3. Don't call at 7 — we ___ (have) dinner.
4. By next year, she ___ (graduate).

Mashq 4. Xatoni to'g'rilang: I'll call you when I will arrive., This time tomorrow I'll fly to Rome., By 2030 I will finish university., I will meet my friend at 6. (kelishilgan), It's going to going to rain.

Mashq 5. O'zbekchadan inglizchaga:

1. Ertaga shu paytda uchayotgan bo'laman. = ___
2. Jumagacha loyihani tugatgan bo'lamiz. = ___
3. Yetib borishim bilan qo'ng'iroq qilaman. = ___
4. Poyezd 9 da jo'naydi. = ___
5. Osmonga qarang — yomg'ir yog'adi! = ___

Mashq 6. be about to yoki going to? (juda yaqin payt vs umumiy reja):

1. Quick, sit down — the show ___ (start)!
2. Next summer we ___ (travel) around Europe.
3. Be careful, that box ___ (fall)!

10. Production drill + model javoblar

Drill A — kelajak shaklini tanlang (vaziyat):

"It's hot in here."  (hozirgi qaror) "I'll open the window."
"Why are you holding a brush?"  (reja) "I'm going to paint."
"What are your plans for Saturday?"  (kelishilgan/niyat) "I'm ___ ."

Drill B — Future Continuous / Perfect (o'zingiz haqingizda):

"This time tomorrow, I'll be ___ ."
"By this time next year, I'll have ___ ."

Drill C — vaqt ergash gapi (when + Present):

"I'll … when I … ."2 — will + Present)

Model javoblar (Drill B): This time tomorrow, I'll be working / studying / travelling. By next year, I'll have finished this course / changed jobs. So'ng kelajak rejalaringiz haqida 5 gap (turli kelajak shakllarini ishlatib) tuzing va gaplaringizni yuqoridagi qoidalar bo'yicha o'zingiz tekshirib ko'ring.


11. Javoblar kaliti

Mashq 1: 1. 'll get · 2. 's going to rain · 3. 'm seeing · 4. leaves · 5. 'll be lying · 6. 'll have finished. Mashq 2: 1. arrive · 2. ends · 3. get. Mashq 3: 1. 'll be watching · 2. will have finished · 3. 'll be having · 4. will have graduated. Mashq 4: when I arrive / This time tomorrow I'll be flying to Rome / By 2030 I'll have finished university / I'm meeting my friend at 6 / It's going to rain. Mashq 5: 1. This time tomorrow, I'll be flying. · 2. We'll have finished the project by Friday. · 3. I'll call you as soon as I arrive. · 4. The train leaves at 9. · 5. Look at the sky — it's going to rain! Mashq 6: 1. is about to start · 2. are going to travel · 3. is about to fall.


12. Xulosa va keyingi dars

Tez ma'lumotnoma:

text
KELAJAK SHAKLLARI:
  will + V1 — hozirgi qaror, bashorat (I think), va'da: I'll help.
  going to — oldindan reja; dalilga asoslangan bashorat: It's going to rain.
  Present Continuous — kelishilgan uchrashuv: I'm meeting Tom at 6.
  Present Simple — jadval: The train leaves at 9.
  Future Continuous (will be + -ing) — kelajakda davom: I'll be flying.
  Future Perfect (will have + V3) — by ...gacha tugal: I'll have finished by Friday.
  be about to + V1 — juda yaqin payt: The bus is about to leave.
 when/as soon as/before/until/if + PRESENT (will EMAS!): I'll call when I arrive.

Asosiy nuqtalar:

  1. Kelajak — bir nechta shakl: will, going to, PC, PS, Future Cont, Future Perfect.
  2. will (hozirgi qaror/bashorat) vs going to (reja/dalil).
  3. Future Continuous (davom) vs Future Perfect (by…gacha tugal).
  4. when/as soon as/until + Present (will EMAS!) — eng muhim qoida.
  5. Tanlov qanday kelajak ekaniga bog'liq.

Bog'lanish: kelajak — endi shartli gaplarga (conditionals) o'tamiz, chunki ular kelajak + will/would asosida quriladi. Keyingi dars Second conditional (If I had…, I would…) — xayoliy, noreal vaziyatlar. So'ng conditionals review (B1-11) va I wish (B1-12).

Keyingi dars — B1 — 10-dars: Second conditional (If I were you, I'd…). Xayoliy, hozir/kelajakda noreal vaziyatlar: "If I won the lottery, I would travel the world." (Lotereyada yutsam, dunyoni kezardim.)


Manba

R. Murphy, "English Grammar in Use" (future, Units 21–25; will be doing / will have done Units 24–25); Swan, "Practical English Usage" (future); Cambridge Dictionary; British Council LearnEnglish — "Talking about the future".

Izohlar (0)

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B1 — 9-dars: Kelajak shakllari (review) + Future Continuous & Future Perfect — Wisar